Summary
Did you end up with a RAR file that needs extracting, or is a colleague asking for files archived in a RAR format? Though RAR files are rare on Linux, you can do most of the operations such as creating, extracting, and splitting RARs on Linux from your terminal.
In this article, we’ll explore how you can create RAR files and extract content from existing ones, and discuss other ways to deal with them. For demonstration purposes, we’re using Ubuntu 22.04 LTS.
Install rar and unrar Commands on Linux
To work with RAR files on Linux, you need two commands known as rar and unrar. Installing them is pretty straightforward. Simply follow your specific Linux distribution’s installation command(s).
To install these command-line utilities on Ubuntu and its derivatives, run:
For Debian-based distributions, use:
If you’re using an Arch Linux-based distro, then install them using:
To install rar and unrar on openSUSE, the command is:
If you’d ratherbuild the tools from source, you can download the TAR file from thedownloads page of the official website. Once you’ve installed rar and unrar, move on to creating RAR files and performing other actions on them.
How to Create RAR Files on Linux
Creating a RAR file requires having one or more files or directories you want to archive. For testing purposes, we’re creating some text files and adding a line to them. If you already have the files you want to archive, then you don’t need to do this.
Add text to them using the echo command:
Now we will add these files to our RAR archive using:
The “a” option is used for adding files or directories to the archive. Then you specify the name of the RAR file you want to create. Lastly, list all the files and directories you want to add to the archive.
If you’d like to confirm if the RAR file was created, usethe ls commandto list the contents of the current directory.
How to Extract RAR Files on Linux
The rar command lets you create an archive. To extract an existing RAR file, you use the unrar command. The syntax is pretty simple. Let’s use unrar to extract files from the archive we created earlier. To do that, run:
The “e” flag tells the system to extract files to the current directory. Then, you input the RAR file name.
How to Extract RAR Files to a Specific Directory
What if you don’t want to extract the files to the current directory and instead need them in a different directory? You can easily accomplish that by adding the directory path to the previous command, like this:
Remember that the directory where you want to extract the archive must already exist on your system. Otherwise, the command won’t work.
Extract RAR Files and List the Directory Structure
Suppose you have several directories in your archive. If you extract it using the normal method, you may only see the files that were extracted. However, the “x” option from the unrar command lets you see the directory structure as well. That is, you can see which file is inside which directory in the archive. Let’s see that in action.
As you can see, the output includes the directories in the RAR archive and the files each folder contains. So if you have directories in your RAR file, extracting archives using the “x” option can be more helpful.
How to List RAR Files on Linux
So you download a RAR file and want to know its contents without extracting it. That’s where listing the files can help you. By adding the “l” option to the unrar command, you can list all the files and directories in your RAR file. In our case, we’ll run:
What’s more, you can see the file sizes, permissions, date and time of creation, and the total number of files.
How to Check the Integrity of RAR Files on Linux
The unrar command lets you test the files in the archive for errors. If a file looks good, the command displays an “OK” status for that. To check the integrity of the files in an archive, use:
In our case, all files are good to go.
How to Add Files to an Existing RAR File
If you already have a RAR file, and you want to add more files to that, you can do that as well. The “u” option of the rar command is for that purpose. It updates your archive and lets you add new files. Use the command like this:
You can confirm the success of the operation by listing the files in the archive.
How to Repair and Delete Files in a RAR File
You’ve seen how to add new files to a RAR file. But how do you repair or delete them? For repairing or deleting, you have the “r” and “d” options, respectively. To repair a RAR file, run:
The above command first creates a “fixed.test.rar” file. It then scans for data recovery records, reconstructs the RAR file, and finally creates a “rebuilt.test.rar” file in the current directory.
Deleting files is simple. Simply specify the name of the files you want to delete from the archive. In our case, we want to delete “test6.txt” from the “test.rar” file. For that, we use:
You can see if the file was deleted by listing the archive contents.
How to Split a RAR File Using rar
Another cool thing you can do with your RAR files is to split them into several parts. You can also specify the size of each part. Say, we want to split an archive into several 1MB archives. For that, we run:
The “a” option adds new files to the archive. We specify the size of each archive with the “-v” option. The naming of the RAR file is important here. After creating the RAR archive, you’ll notice that each file is named “Files.part.rar”, “Files.part2.rar”, “Files.part3.rar”, and so on. Finally, add the file and directory names you’d like to include in the archive.
Protecting Your RAR File on Linux
The last thing we’ll cover is how you can make your RAR files more secure by adding a password or locking the file.
To set a password for your RAR file, run:
If you try to extract the RAR file now, it will ask you to enter a password.
How to Lock RAR Files
Apart from using a password, you’re able to also prevent someone from modifying the RAR file. Use the “k” option to lock the file:
Now, if you try to add or delete files from the archive, you’ll receive an error.
And that covers most operations you can do on RAR files on Linux. If you’d like to learn more, you can always refer tothe rarandunrar command manual pages.
